Inclusion and Mainstreaming of Children with ADHD Essay

Inclusion and Mainstreaming of Children with ADHD - Essay Example The paper begins with an over-all discussion of ADHD and includes a review of the latest literature on the topic with an assessment of past empirical findings on the research topic under investigation. Part 1 provides a background, relevance, literature review, and the aims and objectives of the dissertation. Part 2 identifies the factors associated with how the researcher intends to approach this study, explaining methods of data collection and data analysis to be adopted. Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition characterized by hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and inattention that becomes apparent in some children in the pre-school and early school years. The general symptom is the inability to control behaviour and/or to pay attention. Research findings (Greenberg & Horn, 1991) estimated that in some countries like the United States, 3 to 5 percent of children have this condition, which means that in a normal classroom of 25 to 30 children, there would be at least one with ADHD. Although first described by Hoffman in 1845, Still (1902) was the first to describe the condition in a scientific paper and hypothesised the cause to be a genetic dysfunction and not poor child-rearing. Garber, Garber, & Spizman (1990) were the first to use the term ADHD for the condition. Hunsucker (1988) was the first to argue that if persons with ADHD were treated early, there would be a reduction in the juvenile and adult crime rates, school drop-out rates, and alcohol and drug abuse. ADHD is a treatable condition the sooner it is diagnosed and if children with ADHD are provided with special education. This is why there has been an increase through the years in the scientific literature on the topic, more specifically on the issue of mainstreaming and inclusion of children undergoing special education. Mainstreaming is the original term that describes placing children with disabilities in classrooms with non-handicapped children. In the early stages, special education children were placed in special classes and would join regular classroom settings during extra classes such as music and art. This term has evolved into "inclusion" which tries to place special education and disabled children in regular education classes as often as possible (York et al., 1992; Adamson et al., 1990; Cook & Friend, 1992; Conn, 1992; CEC, 1993; Friend & Cook, 1992; Giangreco et al., 1993). These papers argued for the main reasons behind the interest on this issue that have to do with the fact that the classroom and school environments provide an effective factor for early diagnosis, the

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Management - Essay Example C). Strategic decisions of an organization want to ensure its economic goals like profit maximization, volume, and the growth of organization. These decisions are largely influenced by their employees, customers and other stakeholders. Study of business ethics can be seen from different direction of business. Business Ethics relates to the need of ethical values in business decisions and plans. Ethics is also relevant in the context of corporate responsibility of an organization. Each organization has its own responsibilities to the society. Business ethics is a feeling of obligation to consider other human beings who are directly and indirectly involved in business activities. Business ethics also relates with good behavior of organization. Business ethics can also be deemed as an organization’s ability to ensure ethical value in its corporate decisions. The business strategy of each organization should depend on their ethical views; as such decisions affect various stakeholders. An organization’s responsibility to these stakeholders differs on the basis of its objectives. Example: An organization’s responsibility to its owner is making maximum profit and minimizing the cost. It further aims to ensure the growth and value of the business, the manager want to satisfy this responsibility at the same time they want to continue other responsibilities to the society, government, customer, employees etc. In this context all managers find themselves placed in a dilemma to take proper decision so that ethical decisions and corporate objectives stay in tandem with each other. This study aims to discuss about the problem of organizations’ social performance and economic performance. Economic performance is dealing with an organization’s main objective like making profit, generating revenue and reducing cost. On the other hand, the social performance of an organization pertains